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Evening Drum and Morning Bell （2）
Sun Yat－sen and the Revolutionary Party  |
| CCTV.COM 2002-06-24 09:06:59 |
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 This is a picture of Sun Yat－sen when he was 17, the earliest we could find today. It was taken in Honolulu where he cut his long hair to become a revolutionary. At 46, he became provisional president of Republic of China.
Sun Yat－sen was born in Xiangshan of Beijing on Nov. 12, 1866. His other name was Dixiang. He was called Sun Wen when he started school. The 12 years he lived in his hometown were a time when legends about the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom spread. Sun Yat－sen regarded the rebel Hong Xiuquan as his hero. At that time, his townsman Kang Youwei was already known as a thinker. In 1893, when Sun Yat－sen was 27, he sought advice from Kang Youwei who was teaching in Guangzhou, but was refused. Later, Sun Yat－sen embarked on a more radical path than that of the reformists.
In 1883, when he was 17, he went to study in Hong Kong, first in Central Academy and then in Canton Hospital Medical School. There, he came into contact with advanced ideas of the world and often met with Chen Shaobai and others. Sun Yat－sen stated later that he had acquired his revolutionary ideas in Hong Kong.
Honolulu was a place where many overseas Chinese lived in a community. The house Sun Yat－sen lived in is still kept in preservation. In winter l894, Sun Yat－sen decided to organize a revolutionary party there. On Nov. 24, Xing Zhong Hui （Society for the Revival of China） was established with the aim to rejuvenate China. The following year, the society planned to organize an armed uprising in Guangzhou, the first armed uprising by the revolutionaries in the 19th century. The Qing government was in great fear of these activities. Sun Yat－sen, under order of arrest by the Qing court, was forced to flee to Japan.
In 1896, when touring London, Sun Yat－sen was arrested by the Chinese embassy in Britain. His teacher, James Cantlie, rescued him and the British press showed great concern over his encounter. Later, he wrote a book in English entitled “Kidnapped in London” which was translated into many languages and his name became known in many countries. In the following year, he remained in London and studied Western social habits and political system. He frequently went to the library of British Museum. There he read widely and his political idea of the Three People’s Principles began to take shape.
Ideologies changed rapidly in Japan. It became Sun Yat－sen’s revolutionary base. Inspired by a title “Chinese Revolutionary Leader Sun Yat－sen Arrived in Japan” in a Japanese paper a few years back, he told his companions he would name their party The Revolutionary Party. In 1902, a book entitled “Sun Yat－sen” was in secret circulation in China. It was written by Miyazaki Torazo, a Japanese friend of Sun Yat－sen.
Zhang Shizhao translated it. A year later he became the chief editor of Su Bao （“Jiangsu News”）.
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